There were Portuguese in Connecticut on the coast and then up the Connecticut River Valley during the whaling ship times and shortly afterwards, and then later on from countries in South America where Portuguese is spoken more than Spanish is.

Having grown up in Wyoming, I can tell you that the language situation is more complex than it seems. Along the UP rail line, there are still folks whose first language is Chinese. Around Sheridan (north central), there's a fair Basque population who have kept that language alive. And the Shoshone reservation is in the middle of the state, and there's been a big effort to keep that language alive (one of my professors was deeply involved in it). Last but not least, there's a small Italian population. Weirdly enough, for all that I have been all over the nation, the best Chinese food I've had is still in Wyoming.

There is a considerable Polish population (and Polish language spoken) in the New Britain CT area, and an also significant amount in the Chicopee MA area, with frequency zones radiating out from these "centers".

When I was a kid, we used to call New Britain "New Britski". It seems that there is even more concentration there now than 50 years ago. Here in Western MA, the local Poles seem to have encouraged a newer wave of Ukrainians and Russians, and there are many to be found in Westfield and Chicopee.